Impactful, result-driven outcomes.

Our expertise lies in the optimisation of SAG mills, liner design, rod mills, closed ball mill circuits, and stirred mills.

Widely recognised as an authority in SAG mill and subject matter expert in liner design, Toornado Metallurgy has conducted lifter-liner assessments for SAG mills worldwide, working on mills across a variety of configurations and commodities. 


Our holistic approach and deep industry knowledge ensure impactful and result-driven outcomes for every project. 

Mill liner insights from an independent consultant.

At Toornado Metallurgy, our independence enables us to provide unbiased advice tailored to your specific operational goals, ensuring the best outcomes for your plant. Free from external influences or supplier affiliations, our recommendations are guided solely by your needs and challenges, delivering reliable solutions you can trust. 

Whether it’s an catastrophic failure, unplanned emergency relines, or poor mill performance limiting your production our comprehensive liner design solutions are backed by expertise and advanced modelling techniques. 

Meet your team.


Our team is comprised of skilled engineers and scientists and is lead by our principal Paul Toor. Paul has over 17 years of experience in the minerals processing industry in a variety of roles including; plant metallurgist, analytical metallurgist, project metallurgist, development manager for an OEM and as a consultant for a global engineering company. Paul’s experience in all aspects of the industry from site based, services, OEM and consultancy allow him to provide holistic and practical solutions to his clients.


Paul’s interests include optimisation of SAG mills and liner design, closed ball mill circuits and stirred mills. In particular, Paul is acknowledged as an expert in SAG mills and liner design, with extensive experience conducting lifter-liner assessments worldwide.

Published papers.


  • Continuous Improvement of the Carrapateena Grinding Circuit (Mill Ops 2024)​ 
  • Real Time Estimation of SAG Mill Charge Characteristics for Process Optimization (SAG 2023)​ 
  • The Design and Evaluation Of SAG Mill Liner Trials (SAG, 2019)​ 
  • The Evolution of SAG Shell Liner Designs (Metplant, 2017)​ 
  • Understanding the Effects of Liner Wear on SAG Mill Performance (Metplant 2015) ​ 
  • Optimisation of A SAG Mill through Trajectory and Power Modelling (Metplant 2015) ​ 
  • Designing Liners for Performance not Life (Minerals Engineering, 2013)​ 
  • Quantifying the Influence of Liner Shape and Mill Filling for Performance Optimisation (SAG 2011)​ 
  • Influence of Liner Wear on Milling Efficiency (Metplant 2011)​ 


Ready to enhance your plant?

Take the guesswork out of optimisation with our data-driven approach. Contact us today to get started.

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